may include topics like:

Traditional plain ISAC

multimodal ISAC

(semantic) ISAC

multimodal semantic comunications

Investigation: The Development Stages of ISAC Leading to the JEPA-aided Multimodal Semantic ISAC System

Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC) has been an evolving field with various stages of development, marked by different approaches in combining communication and sensing functions to enhance efficiency in applications such as autonomous driving, smart cities, and environmental monitoring. Below is a breakdown of the key stages of ISAC development leading to your current work on the JEPA-aided Multimodal Semantic ISAC framework.

Stage 1: Single-Modal ISAC Using Radio Frequency (RF) Signals

The early stages of ISAC focused on single-modal systems, primarily relying on radio frequency (RF) signals for both sensing and communication. The goal was to reuse the same hardware and signal for dual purposes, which could enhance the spectral efficiency of the system.

Stage 2: Raw-Data Multimodal Fusion

To improve sensing accuracy, multimodal fusion techniques were introduced. These approaches combined data from multiple sensors—such as cameras, LiDAR, and RF sensors—to provide a more comprehensive view of the environment.

Stage 3: Data-Level Multimodal Compression for ISAC